Liviu GACEU1, Romulus GRUIA2
Abstract. Food insecurity remains a global issue, driven by economic, political, social, and environmental factors that directly affect food availability and accessibility at the local level. This study explores nutrition perceptions and food insecurity among vulnerable groups in Brașov as part of the FOODCLIC project, focusing on early identification of vulnerabilities and solutions to support healthier, more sustainable diets. The research included 300 participants, 80% of whom belonged to vulnerable categories such as schoolchildren from disadvantaged neighborhoods, institutionalized elderly, homeless individuals, and low-income students. The sample was gender-balanced (52% female, 48% male). Data were collected in Noua and Bartolomeu neighborhoods using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) and the Diet Quality Questionnaire (DQQ). Results indicate that food insecurity is moderate rather than severe, manifested through reduced access to high-quality food rather than lack of food altogether. Most participants (95%) reported skipping meals or lacking structured eating schedules, often due to financial constraints or irregular routines. Despite low incomes (48% earning under 400 EUR/month), self-perceived health was generally “satisfactory,” suggesting limited awareness of nutrition-related risks. Eating habits showed a high preference for fried foods (38.3%), frequent snacking (61%), and low fruit and vegetable consumption, indicating low dietary diversity. To reduce food insecurity and improve diet quality, the study proposes several measures: increasing access to financial resources and fair food distribution systems, supporting sustainable agriculture, expanding social protection programs (e.g., meal vouchers, free school meals), and strengthening nutrition education. In conclusion, while severe food insecurity is not widespread, its moderate presence highlights structural vulnerabilities. Addressing these through coordinated local actions can strengthen food security and promote healthier eating behaviors in vulnerable urban communities.
Keywords: food insecurity, self-perceived health, vulnerable groups, nutrition and health.
DOI 10.56082/annalsarsciagr.2025.2.70
1Prof., PhD Hab. Eng., Senior Researcher, Transilvania University of Brasov, Romania; CSCBAS&CE-MONT Centre/INCE-Romanian Academy, Corresponding member of Academy of Romanian Scientists (gaceul@unitbv.ro).
2Prof., PhD. Eng, Senior Researcher, Transilvania University of Brasov, Romania; CSCBAS&CE-MONT Centre/INCE-Romanian Academy, Full member of Academy of Romanian Scientists (ecotec@unitbv.ro, romulus.gruia@gmail.com)
PUBLISHED in Annals of the Academy of Romanian Scientists Series Series on Agriculture, Silviculture and Veterinary Medicine, Volume 14, No2