Emil DINGA1
Abstract. The paper is aimed at providing an abstract view of the concept of the (generic) system. To this end, firstly, the sufficiency predicates that could logically define a system are identified and examined, with a special view on the concept of the system’s finality (and its difference from the purpose). Based on the concept, a typology of the system is proposed, from a set of six criteria. Further, the system’s functionality, on the one hand, and of system’s behaviour, on the other hand, are analysed. As a consequence of the previous, an integrated logical model of the system’s general working is established by combining the functionality and the behaviour. Next, the general topology of a generic system is introduced, based on the relationship between system, supra-system, and sub-system, respectively, including the concept of hub. The last issue examined refers to the (possible) co-evolution between functionality and behaviour of a generic system, by building up the logical model concerned.
Keywords: system, logics, sufficiency predicates, hub, co-evolution, model.
DOI 10.56082/annalsarscieco.2026.4.49
1 Centre for Financial and Monetary Research „Victor Slăvescu”, Romanian Academy; Romanian House, Building West, Floor 5, Room 5715, Romania, Academy of Romanian Scientists, Corresponding author, ORCID No. 0000-0002-3750-3248, emildinga2004@gmail.com
PUBLISHED in Annals Academy of Romanian Scientists Series on Economy, Law, Sociology, Volume 9 no 4, 2026