Radu Claudiu FIERASCU1, Irina FIERASCU2, Toma FISTOS3, Roxana Ioana MATEI4, Anda Maria BAROI5
Abstract. Historic construction materials behave as reactive, multiscale systems whose long-term stability is determined by coupled chemical, physical, and biological processes. This review synthesizes advances in analytical chemistry and materials science for the conservation of stone, brick, and mortars, with emphasis on mineral-compatible strategies. Developments in analytical methods (including completely non-invasive techniques) and the rise of data fusion and machine learning allows the proposal of new alternative, aligned with predictive diagnostics. Literature data, regarding both laboratory-level tests and field studies evidence the need for sustainable, fully compatible and efficient solutions. The present work also constitutes an argument for standardization and FAIR data, to enable comparability across projects, and studies, as well as a short description of the path ahead, toward predictive conservation.
Keywords: Cultural heritage conservation; analytical methods; predictive conservation
DOI 10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2025.2.66
1 Dr. Habil, Senior Researcher Ist degree, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, Romania, PhD supervisor National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Delegate of the Romanian Chemical Society in the Working Party on Chemistry for Cultural Heritage – EuChemS, Associate Member of The Academy of Romanian Scientists (e-mail: fierascu.radu@icechim.ro).
2 Dr. Habil, Senior Researcher Ist degree, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, Romania, PhD supervisor University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest (irina.fierascu@icechim.ro).
3 Dr., Junior Researcher, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, Romania (toma.fistos@icechim.ro)
4 Dr., Junior Researcher, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, Romania (anda.baroi@icechim.ro).
5 Dr., Junior Researcher, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, Romania (anda.baroi@icechim.ro).
PUBLISHED in Annals of the Academy of Romanian Scientists Series on Physics and Chemistry, Volume 10, No2