GLOBAL GEOPOLITICAL CHAOS III - GREAT POWERS IN  
FIRM COMPETITION FOR AREAS OF INFLUENCE AND FOR A  
"NEW WORLD ORDER"  
Lieutenant-general (ret) Associated Professor Constantin MINCU, Ph.D  
(Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Street, 050044, Bucharest,  
Romania, email: secretariat@aosr.ro)  
Abstract: In the last twenty-four years, the world has entered a dangerous  
state of geopolitical unrest, generating global chaos. Numerous political and  
military analysts from Romania and from NATO and non-NATO member countries  
almost unanimously agree that phenomena such as the resurgence and extreme  
aggressiveness of historical fundamentalism, the emergence of new holders of  
nuclear weapons in some dictatorship states and culminating, in the most  
dangerous way possible, with the political, propagandistic and military aggression  
of the Russian Federation: Georgia - 2008, Ukraine - 2014, through the  
annexation of Crimea, the brutal invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 (there  
are already 4 years and 3 months of cruel and violent war resulting in the  
destruction of entire settlements, especially in the eastern half of Ukraine and with  
tens of thousands of victims among civilians and military personnel). On this date  
(25.05.2026) the war continues with maximum ferocity from Russia, directly  
threatening peace in Europe and throughout the world.  
To complete the picture, on January 21, 2025, Donald Trump, an old  
friend of Russia since 1997 and a loyalist of Putin since 2000, returned like a storm  
to the White House, as the 47th President of the USA. This was followed by attacks  
on NATO, criticism and punishment of the EU (huge customs duties), the launch of  
attacks against Iran in February 2026, the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz,  
irrational territorial claims on Canada, Greenland, the State of Panama, Cuba and  
Venezuela (the list goes on).  
At this moment (May 2026), European leaders, but also those of Romania,  
seem paralyzed, seem completely overwhelmed by the situation and without  
solutions.  
Keywords: Russian Federation, USA, Vladimir Putin, Donald Trump,  
Ukraine, war, chaos, satellite communication systems.  
DOI  
10.56082/annalsarscimilit.2026.2.23  
1. Introduction  
The geopolitical turmoils on the world stage has become  
dangerously acute. As if the war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine  
were not enough, the crisis in the Persian Gulf emerged, triggered by the  
Entitled member of the Academy of Romanian Scientists, member of the Honorary  
Council of the Academy of Romanian Scientists, Vice President of the Military Sciences  
Section, phone: 0722303015, email: mincu_constantin@yahoo.com.  
23  
 
GLOBAL GEOPOLITICAL CHAOS III - GREAT POWERS IN FIRM COMPETITION FOR  
AREAS OF INFLUENCE AND FOR A "NEW WORLD ORDER"  
United States and Israel, by attacking Iran, a crisis that led to great  
destruction and loss of life in Iran and caused a global crisis of energy  
resources by almost total blocking of the Strait of Hormuz.  
The most affected are the major importers of oil and gas: China,  
India and Japan, but also the European states, due to the explosion of energy  
prices on the world market. Affected, including by Iran's attacks with drones  
and missiles, are also the Gulf countries (Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, United  
Arab Emirates, Oman, Saudi Arabia).  
The multiple crises that have emerged and continue to manifest  
themselves are generated, mainly, by the great powers, which have  
rediscovered their imperial ambitions and a strong desire to seize vital  
resources.  
2. With arguments that are hard to dispute, Russia is the main  
factor in destabilizing the world order, through its military actions against  
Ukraine, but also by waging a hybrid war against all its neighbors and  
European states (acts of diversion and sabotage, media manipulation,  
espionage, other acts from the rich panoply called "MASKIROVKA",  
perfected for 109 years).  
The main role in these evil actions is played by President Vladimir  
Putin and his close associates from the siloviki-oligarchic regime, which he  
still controls.  
It is already known that dozens of books, many thousands of articles  
and commentaries, more or less well-argued, have been written about Putin.  
In the current geopolitical context, I believe it would be beneficial  
for those interested in the developments taking place at present and in the  
foreseeable future to read the book by author Stanislav Belkovski "PUTIN,  
BIOGRAFIA INTERZISĂ", a book also published in Romanian, by  
Corint Publishing House in 2014.1  
The way of thinking and acting of Russian Society is described,  
correctly and with solid arguments, by the author Keir Giles, in the book  
"RĂZBOIUL RUSIEI CU LUMEA ȘI CUM NE AFECTEAZĂ"2. In  
this book, the author presents the true face of the Kremlin dictator,  
cynicism, cruelty and aggression taken to the extreme. Putin and his cabal,  
most of whom come from the KGB, have no human feelings, they do not  
value the lives they send to death (nowadays 15,000-20,000 deaths per  
month).  
It would be useful for the political and military elite in Romania to  
study this book carefully, because they would discover numerous actions  
1
Stanislav Belkovschi, Putin - Biografia interzisă, Bucharest, Corint Publishing House,  
2014.  
2
Keir Giles, Războiul Rusiei cu lumea și cum ne afectează, Editura Niculescu, 2023,  
București.  
24  
   
Lieutenant-general (ret) Associated Professor Constantin MINCU, Ph.D  
from the rich panoply called MASKIROVKA. It seems that they do not  
have the time and inclination for this, only the sterile political battles in  
which Romania and Romanian citizens only lose matter.  
Numerous domestic and foreign political-military analysts firmly  
state that the Russian Federation has no intention of ending the war in  
Ukraine, formulating new and new demands that are unacceptable to the  
Ukrainian side.  
Recently, the Kremlin conditioned peace negotiations on Ukraine's  
withdrawal from "Donbass and territories claimed by Russia"3.  
On the other hand, the Kremlin is preparing a major intoxication of  
the "peace is blocked by NATO" type (Analysis by an American expert)4.  
I express a point of view, I say correctly, that only the naive and  
ignorant of political games on a global scale do not see (or do not want to  
see) that all political, propaganda, cyber, economic and military actions of  
the Russian Federation are continuously and extremely aggressively  
directed against the West, with the explicit objective of destroying the  
political and military cohesion of the EU and NATO. Unfortunately,  
Hungary and Slovakia have come to Russia's aid, as well as extreme left and  
extreme right political forces from some European countries, including  
Romania.  
In this context, we must note the direct and efficient help of the new  
US Administration, granted to Putin, so that he can achieve his objectives in  
Ukraine and, in a first stage, in Eastern Europe. Some Western observers go  
even further and suspect a secret agreement between Trump and Putin,  
targeting Europe and NATO.  
To achieve its goals (restoring the USSR 2.0, but also projecting  
power and influence in Africa and South America), Russia does not shy  
away from anything, including large-scale military aggression, as it is doing  
now in Ukraine, for four years and three months now. There is enough  
information in the international media that NATO and/or EU countries are  
infested with Russian spies and saboteurs (or recruited by Russians) from  
the target countries and from some states in Asia, Africa and South  
America. In the last five years alone, over 700 of them have been expelled  
(there are still enough, including in Romania, and they are allowed, with  
ease, to continue acting).  
3
Răzvan Scarlat, „Kremlinul a condiționat negocierile de pace de retragerea Ucrainei din  
Donbas și din teritoriile revendicate de Rusia”, available at https://evz.ro/kremlinul-a-  
conditionat-negocierile-de-pace-de-retragerea-ucrainei-din-donbas-si-din-teritoriile-  
revendicate-de-rusia.html, accessed on 22.05.2026.  
4 Viorica Marin, „Jocul politic al Kremlinului. Putin pregătește o intoxicare de tipul „pacea  
e blocată de NATO”. Analiza unui expert american”, available at https://adevarul.ro/stiri-  
externe/rusia/jocul-politic-al-kremlinului-putin-pregateste-o-2529112.html, accessed on  
22.05.2026.  
25  
   
GLOBAL GEOPOLITICAL CHAOS III - GREAT POWERS IN FIRM COMPETITION FOR  
AREAS OF INFLUENCE AND FOR A "NEW WORLD ORDER"  
For readers interested in trends in Global Geopolitics, it is worth  
reading the books recently published by the prestigious analyst Vasile  
Simileanu, by TopForm Publishing House, Bucharest, 2026: "Arhitectura  
geopolitică globală 2026-2040"5 and „Arhitectura Geopolitică Globală,  
geometrie geopolitică”6. The author makes a complex x-ray, with  
arguments, regarding the actions of the great powers for a new division of  
the world, in the name of the so-called "new world order", an order imposed  
by those who have the bigger stick.  
There are many Romanian and foreign authors who have  
analyzed Russia's actions and have correctly perceived the dangers to which  
the WORLD and, especially, EUROPE is subject. It is disappointing that  
the political forces in democratic countries have not given much importance  
to the obvious facts for ordinary citizens and, as a result, have not taken  
credible measures to deter the atavistic aggressor.  
I have presented some aspects in several issues of „Revista de Științe  
Militare”, of which I mention the article „HAOS GEOPOLITIC GLOBAL  
II – URAGAN RUSO-AMERICAN ASUPRA EUROPEI”, no. 1 of 20257.  
Major developments on the world stage are underway. After  
Donald Trump's recent visit to China, Vladimir Putin's visit to Xi Jinping's  
country is coming soon. We'll see what happens.  
3. United States of America  
During the first term of President Donald Trump, the impression  
was created (justified by the events that occurred) that the USA acts on the  
international stage in an emotional and unpredictable way, which could lead  
to major conflicts at any moment. Political and military leaders of the main  
world powers tried (unsuccessfully) to understand the policies of the USA  
and, as far as possible, to temper the natural impulsiveness of the US leader.  
During the aforementioned term, several turbulences occurred in the  
complicated file of US-Russia relations, such as:  
- The denunciation by the USA and then by Russia of the INF Treaty  
(Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty), concluded in 1987 by Reagan and  
Gorbachev;  
- It was proven that Russia lied (as usual) about the number and  
technical capabilities of its SSC-8 medium-range missiles. In fact, it had 64  
SSC-8 missiles with a range of 2,350 km, capable of carrying nuclear  
5
Vasile Simileanu, Arhitectura Geopolitică Globală 2026-2040, TopForm Publishing  
House, Bucharest, 2026.  
6
Vasile Simileanu, Arhitectura Geopolitică Globală, geometrie geopolitică, TopForm  
Publishing House, Bucharest, 2026.  
7
Constantin Mincu, „Haos geopolitic global II – uragan ruso-american asupra Europei”,  
Revista de Științe Militare, no. 1/2025.  
26  
     
Lieutenant-general (ret) Associated Professor Constantin MINCU, Ph.D  
warheads (probably now, in 2026, the number of missiles is much higher).  
This means that all of Europe is in mortal danger.  
During the term of President Joe Biden (January 21, 2021-  
January 21, 2025), the shock of the outbreak of the war in Ukraine  
(February 24, 2022) occurred, forcing the US Administration to take,  
together with European allies and beyond, several actions to stop the war  
through a series of economic and financial sanctions, while simultaneously  
helping Ukraine with weapons, ammunition and logistics to confront the  
Kremlin aggressor.  
The time has come for the inauguration, on 21.01.2025, of the  
47th President of the USA – Donald Trump, at the White House. His  
term, as is already known, began with a storm, with the signing of dozens of  
Executive Orders, regarding some domestic policies, as well as the tax  
regime against traditional allies – Canada, Mexico, the European Union,  
but, at that time, also against China, considered by the Trump  
Administration to be the main geopolitical and economic rival of the USA  
(after the Trump – Xi Jimping Summit in China, in May 2026, it seems that  
the asperities have subsided, leaving the issue of Taiwan in suspense).  
Surprisingly or not, in the first months of his term, he did not take any  
measures against Putin's Russia, on the contrary, the development of events  
after February 01, 2025 shows a reset of relations with Moscow and the  
revival of a great friendship, to the detriment of Ukraine and the European  
Union.  
International public opinion and many analysts took note of Donald  
Trump's warm reception of Putin in 2025 in Anchorage, Alaska (military  
honors and a red carpet for Vladimir Putin, internationally wanted for war  
crimes, crimes he is still committing in 2026).  
After the Alaska Summit, many analysts from several countries  
around the world criticized Donald Trump's performance and his obedience  
to Vladimir Putin (see Revista de Științe Militare no. 1/2025, pages 10-13).  
At this point, I think it is useful to pause on the analysis (George  
Sîrbu, hotnews.ro, Friday, February 21, 2025): "What the ten days that  
shook Europe's relationship with the USA showed"8:  
▪
US President Donald Trump's decision to bring peace to  
Ukraine, without the involvement of Europe or even Kiev, has generated a  
rare global political uproar in just a few days, writes the BBC;  
▪
•How the events of the last week and a half (February 12-21  
February 2-25) have precipitated:  
8
George Sîrbu, „Cum au arătat cele zece zile care au zdruncinat relația Europei cu SUA”,  
available  
at  
https://hotnews.ro/cum-au-aratat-cele-zece-zile-care-au-zdruncinat-relatia-  
europei-cu-sua-1906843, accessed on 26.05.2026.  
27  
 
GLOBAL GEOPOLITICAL CHAOS III - GREAT POWERS IN FIRM COMPETITION FOR  
AREAS OF INFLUENCE AND FOR A "NEW WORLD ORDER"  
•
February 12: Trump announces that he has agreed with Putin  
to start negotiations. Donald Trump announced that he had discussed with  
Vladimir Putin the "immediate start of negotiations" to end the war (we  
see the result of these "negotiations" today, 05/25/2026, when Russia's war  
is more intense and cruel).  
Details about the events from February 21, 2025 to February 28,  
2025, in Revista de Științe Militare no. 1/2025, pages 11-15).  
As we all observe (with great concern) since January 21, 2025, the  
date on which Donald Trump installed himself as a king in the White  
House, the world has entered a frenzy in all geopolitical, economic,  
financial, informational and other aspects. The consolidated friendship (we  
could say "without limits") between Trump and Putin generates existential  
concerns for European states, primarily for those in Eastern Europe,  
including Romania, undeservedly attacked several times by the American  
Vice President J.D. Vance.  
Since his inauguration until today (may 05, 2026) the divisions and  
threats of Trump and other members of his Administration have deepened,  
towards the European Union and its member states. So far, dozens of  
messages, threats, acts of blackmail and other actions still unknown to the  
public have been issued. New acts of hostility against other states followed  
(Canada, Denmark, in the case of Greenland, Venezuela, Cuba, the State of  
Panama, etc.).  
The joint attack on Iran with Israel starting in February 2026,  
under the pretext of preventing this state from becoming a possessor of  
nuclear weapons (enriched uranium is still in this country with a theocratic  
regime, a ferocious religious dictatorship) has created global problems  
regarding the supply of oil and gas from the Persian Gulf to many states.  
The blockade of the Strait of Hormuz, still in force today (may 25, 2026),  
deprives the world of approximately 20-25% of the energy resources needed  
by the world today.  
Many analysts believe that Trump and his Administration  
miscalculated and did not take into account that Iran is a large country, with  
an area of 1,648,000 km2 and approximately 75 million inhabitants. There  
are no signs that this conflict will end soon, the damage caused will be even  
greater and the US will be trapped in this dead end they have gotten  
themselves into.  
Some analysts believe that there is a major, acute change in the  
United States, not seen since Ronald Reagan. The worldview is changing.  
First of all, America is no longer an “indispensable nation”, it can no longer  
change the world “in its image and likeness”, it no longer transforms it, it  
cannot and does not want to make it better, after the secret alliance with  
Putin – it makes it much worse.  
28  
Lieutenant-general (ret) Associated Professor Constantin MINCU, Ph.D  
We notice that we are in the era of “great power competition”.  
Marco Rubio, the US Secretary of State, said it in his first address, without  
even mentioning the phrase "European Union"!? Brussels is not there, it is  
not in the picture, so it is considered neither "great" nor "power".  
As we all see, NATO is and will be put to the test, despite the sterile  
agitation in some European capitals.  
In this second mandate, Trump's major goal is to become the  
most important American president in the last 100 years. There are signs  
that the plan will not succeed, especially after the recent visit to China in  
which President Xi-Jimping did not hesitate to confront him directly on the  
issue of Taiwan, but also on other international issues.  
An interesting analysis, with many elements to take into account, is  
presented in the Editorial published in Evenimentul Zilei by General (ret.)  
Alexandru Grumaz, on May 16, 2026: "The Trump-Xi Summit and the New  
Architecture of NATO's Eastern Flank"9.  
Geopolitical tectonic plates are in full motion and we still don't  
know how they will settle and with what effects for the entire world.  
4. CHINA  
The People's Republic of China is a country spread over 9,572,900  
km2, with a population of approximately 1.4 billion inhabitants (93%  
Chinese and 7% Tibetan). In terms of area, it ranks third in the world, and in  
terms of population, second place, after India.  
As a political regime, China is a communist state in which power  
belongs to the Chinese Communist Party.  
Interestingly, under the last three presidents, China has developed  
strongly economically, allowing the creation and development of a private  
sector, but under fairly firm political control. It has developed and is  
developing  
modern  
technologies  
in  
almost  
all  
important  
areas  
(communications, defense, automotive construction, commercial ships,  
aircraft carriers, 4th and 5th generation fighter jets, consumer goods of all  
types, etc.). China is now considered, under the leader Xi-Jimping, a real  
factory of the world.  
Economically, China ranks second after the US, with the prospect of  
even surpassing the United States in the next 5-10 years.  
In terms of military power, China ranks second, except for nuclear  
weapons, where it ranks third after Russia and the United States.  
If during the Cold War China played the role of a pendulum between  
the United States and the USSR, each of the two superpowers wanting to  
attract it to their side, now, under Xi-Jimping, China is almost on par with  
9 Alexandru Grumaz, „Summitul Trump-Xi și noua arhitectură a flancului estic al NATO”,  
available at https://evz.ro/summitul-trump-xi-si-noua-arhitectura-strategica-a-flancului-  
estic-nato.html, accessed on 26.05.2026.  
29  
 
GLOBAL GEOPOLITICAL CHAOS III - GREAT POWERS IN FIRM COMPETITION FOR  
AREAS OF INFLUENCE AND FOR A "NEW WORLD ORDER"  
the US, the pendulum role being taken over by Russia (to the dissatisfaction  
of this aggressive state).  
Recently, US President Donald Trump visited Beijing, with the  
current international situation, the war in Ukraine, the thorny issue of  
Taiwan, as well as the complicated trade area, where there are heated  
disputes, on the agenda.  
Press outlets from all over the world kept an eye on the meeting of  
the two, with dozens of analyses and articles being published, including in  
Romania (General (ret.) Alexandru Grumaz: "The Trump-Xi Summit and  
the New Architecture of NATO's Eastern Flank")10.  
On May 19 and 20, a meeting took place in Beijing between  
President Xi and the President of the Russian Federation, with many issues  
of the evolution of the "boundless" friendly relations between the two great  
powers on the agenda.  
President Putin wants to ensure that the Asian power China will  
remain a reliable ally of Russia, with cooperation in the economic and  
military fields gaining new dimensions.  
Putin assured Xi Jinping of Russia's readiness to ensure the  
necessary oil and gas, at preferential prices, especially in the context of the  
blockade of naval traffic through the Strait of Hormuz.  
As it is known, China has declared on numerous occasions that it  
is neutral and not engaged in any way in the war in Ukraine and assured  
President Donald Trump that it will make diplomatic efforts to end the war.  
The problem is much more complex, China supplies Russia with  
dual-use components, parts for aircraft and combat drones, etc.  
Recently, compelling evidence has emerged that "the Chinese state is  
training Russian soldiers, who are then sent to the front in Ukraine. Beijing  
is providing training with cutting-edge technologies."11.  
Authors and analysts from around the world believe that the  
world order issues discussed in the China-USA-Russia triangle will affect  
all the states of the world in the medium and long term. We will see whether  
they will come to an understanding or confront each other.  
5. Europe/UE  
What will Europe do, what plans does it have in the current  
complicated geopolitical situation, marked by the clash of interests in the  
US-China-Russia triangle?!  
10 Idem.  
11  
Adrian Ilie, „China instruiește militari ruși care apoi sunt trimiși pe frontul din Ucraina.  
Beijingul oferă antrenament cu tehnologii de vârf”, available at https://hotnews.ro/china-  
instruieste-militari-rusi-care-apoi-sunt-trimisi-pe-frontul-din-ucraina-beijingul-ofera-  
antrenament-cu-tehnologii-de-varf-2250425, accessed on 25.05.2026.  
30  
   
Lieutenant-general (ret) Associated Professor Constantin MINCU, Ph.D  
Romanian and foreign analysts believe that the prolonged war  
between Russia and Ukraine, Russia being the proven aggressor, is a serious  
security problem for all European states, not for the United States. This  
great economic, financial and military power has retreated to the  
background and no longer wants to support Ukraine. Moreover, the Trump  
Administration is inclined to side with Russia, demanding that the aggressed  
state make (unacceptable) territorial concessions to the Russian aggressor.  
As can be seen, Brussels has no solutions, it does not even have the  
courage for an open anti-Trump response (it is true that it is quite difficult  
for Europe to oppose the evil Putin-Trump alliance!).  
However, in the last two years, European states have launched  
programs to increase military budgets in the medium term (3.5-5% of GDP),  
simultaneously with the acceleration of research, innovation, modernization  
and production of military systems and equipment based on the lessons  
learned from the war in Ukraine (means of combating air targets,  
observation, guidance and strike drones at increasingly greater distances).  
These days (May 2026) Ukraine is striking deep into Russian territory,  
including targets in the capital MOSCOW.  
There are also major concerns about the development of modern  
communications systems, mainly satellite, such as STARLINK, but it will  
take some time.  
For some countries on the Eastern Flank, the SAFE program was  
launched to strengthen defense against increasingly explicit threats declared  
by the war-mongering regime in the Kremlin.  
Many observers say that Vladimir Putin continues to maintain the  
psychosis of war, without which Russia can collapse. If he has no enemies,  
he invents them, as he has now done with the law that allows military strikes  
abroad to defend "oppressed" Russian citizens. According to this sick logic,  
Russia could attack the cities where the most Russians are: London, Paris,  
the Principality of Monaco, Vienna, etc. What will the Russian oligarchs  
who have businesses, fortunes and expensive homes in the indicated places  
say?!  
Returning to Europe and the Eastern Flank, we must note the B9  
Summit in Bucharest, chaired by the President of Romania and the President  
of Poland, with the participation of NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte  
and other European leaders from the countries on the Eastern Flank of the  
Alliance.  
Some noteworthy statements were made at the Summit: Nicușor  
Dan – "We must increase defense spending", Polish President Karol  
Nawrocki – "Let's continue strategic and political support for Ukraine"12.  
12  
Iuliu Vlădescu, „Nicușor Dan la Summitul B9: Trebuie să sporim cheltuielile dedicate  
apărării. Karol Nawrocki: Să continuăm sprijinul strategic și politic pentru Ucraina. Ce  
spune Zelenski”, available at https://evz.ro/nicusor-dan-la-summitul-b9-trebuie-sa-sporim-  
31  
 
GLOBAL GEOPOLITICAL CHAOS III - GREAT POWERS IN FIRM COMPETITION FOR  
AREAS OF INFLUENCE AND FOR A "NEW WORLD ORDER"  
Many europeans are talking about NATO 3.0, a concept still  
unclear, poorly substantiated, with the intention of further taming President  
Donald Trump and his main "lieutenants" (J.D. Vance, Marco Rubio, Pete  
Hegseth).  
The arguments presented at the B9 Summit are presented on the  
Adevărul website, in a synthesis of the statements of some participants:13  
- Nicușor Dan: "We have a common threat – Russia";  
- Mark Rutte: "We will defend ourselves together".  
The restrained optimism expressed by the participants at the B9  
Summit is determined by the hostile position of US President Donald Trump  
towards the functioning of the Alliance, accusing some member countries of  
non-involvement in supporting American actions in the Persian Gulf against  
Iran.  
6. Romania  
As for Romania, it can be said that the political class, in a  
complicated and potentially dangerous international situation, saw fit to  
trigger a major political crisis, a crisis with immediate and direct effects in  
the economic, financial, and social fields, upsetting the entire society. It can  
be said that we shot ourselves in the foot (collapse of the exchange rate,  
inflation close to 11%, decrease in the income of the poorest Romanians due  
to the increase in prices for food, energy, and services, etc.).  
The so-called negotiations for the formation of a new Government  
are taking too long, the clash of egos and interests of politicians from all  
parties preventing a quick compromise solution.  
Some problems are also in the field of defense. The launch of the  
SAFE program gave rise to disputes and controversies, often the  
competitors did not choose their words very well, and many journalists have  
added and continue to add straw to the fire. We will see what will happen  
with the implementation of this program!?  
I think we need to ask ourselves a question of simple logic: let's  
assume that in the short and medium term (5-10 years) these weapons and  
equipment systems will enter the Army's equipment. Who will operate  
them, will the 65,000-70,000 military personnel existing in the  
peacekeeping organization, of which about 30-35% are in offices, at an age  
that no longer allows them to fight "in the tactical field"? In 1999-2000,  
there was talk of an Army of 120,000 soldiers, but suddenly, in January  
cheltuielile-dedicate-apararii-karol-nawrocki-sa-continuam-sprijinul-strategic-si-politic-  
pentru-ucraina.html, accessed on 26.05.2028.  
13  
„Summitul B9 la București. Nicușor Dan, despre NATO 3.0: „Avem o amenințare  
comună - Rusia”. Zelenski: „Ucraina va ajuta România privind dronele rusești”, available at  
https://adevarul.ro/stiri-interne/evenimente/bucurestiul-devine-miercuri-capitala-securitatii-  
2529251.html, accessed on 26.05.2026.  
32  
 
Lieutenant-general (ret) Associated Professor Constantin MINCU, Ph.D  
2001, the figure was adjusted from the pen to 75,000 soldiers and  
approximately 15,000 civilians. Anyway, now there are only 65,000-65,700  
soldiers, totally insufficient for a credible defense, until NATO comes, if it  
comes!?  
No one answers these questions, the problem is passed between the  
President – Parliament – Government and the Ministry of Defense. As  
usual, we move slowly, but it doesn't bother us.  
7. Some issues regarding modern communications systems  
needed by the Romanian Army.  
From the war launched by Russia against Ukraine, but also from  
other recent military conflicts, a series of lessons and conclusions have  
emerged regarding the role and place of military and commercial  
communications and information systems in the command and control of  
forces engaged in tactical, operational and strategic actions.  
I believe that this area should be the focus of attention of all  
military personnel, from the soldier to the Chief of the Defense Staff (it is  
not only a problem of communications specialists, but, first and foremost, of  
military leaders at all echelons).  
There is an extremely documented and interesting article  
published by Brigadier General (ret.) Prof. Dr. Gheorghe Boaru, full  
member  
of  
the  
Romanian  
Academy  
of  
Scientists:  
"Military  
Communications and Information Technology - Past, Present and Future  
(Summary)", in TRANSMISIUNI Magazine (a military history and culture  
magazine, edited by the Pro-Muzeum Association, Bucharest, Historical  
Barracks "Fort 3 Otopeni")14.  
Unfortunately, the magazine still does not have a national circulation  
and the published materials are not known to those who would need the  
scientific content relevant to the country's defense.  
For this reason, with the author's consent, I will make a brief  
summary, to bring to the attention of those interested (I hope as many as  
possible), some issues, which I believe are vital for the defense of the  
country:  
- The evolution of techniques and technologies in the field of  
communications, but also of military doctrines, has determined the  
transition from the individual use of equipment and terminals to their  
integration into networks, to ensure message flows and then to the provision  
of complete network services. Communications have "invaded" all  
environments for conducting military actions: land, naval, air, cyber and  
space;  
- Case study Ukraine  
14  
Gheorghe Boaru, Transmisiuni Magazine, Pro-Muzeum Association, Bucharest,  
Historical Barracks „Fort 3 Otopeni”, nr. 1/mai 2026, pp. 4-12.  
33  
 
GLOBAL GEOPOLITICAL CHAOS III - GREAT POWERS IN FIRM COMPETITION FOR  
AREAS OF INFLUENCE AND FOR A "NEW WORLD ORDER"  
The conflict in Ukraine (2022-2026) provides a clear example of  
“total digital warfare”. Commercial satellite networks, such as STARLINK,  
have been integrated into military infrastructure, allowing for drone control,  
artillery coordination, and real-time information transmission;  
- However, the reliance on private systems vulnerable to jamming  
or cyberattacks highlights the associated risks;  
- The conflict has also shown the importance of interoperability with  
civilian technology and the rapidity of adaptation to unforeseen situations,  
highlighting the transition to a hybrid, civil-military, communications  
model;  
- Ukraine can be considered a laboratory of information warfare, the  
first major conflict in which:  
• digital communications (satellites, cloud) are directly integrated  
into military operations;  
• electronic, cyber and information warfare are simultaneous;  
• tactical decision-making depends on real-time connectivity.  
- This conflict in Ukraine is considered a "turning point" for modern  
warfare.  
The mentioned article, developed on 9 magazine pages, provides  
valuable information for active military personnel of all ranks, but also  
for those working in industry, for the benefit of defense.  
It would be very useful and necessary for there to be close  
collaboration throughout the technological chain, from research to  
production, with the participation of end users, of new systems and  
equipment necessary for a homeland defense war in the context of  
Romania's membership in the NATO defensive Alliance.  
BIBLIOGRAPHY  
BELKOVSCHI S., Putin - Biografia interzisă, Bucharest, Corint Publishing  
House, 2014;  
BOARU G., Transmisiuni Magazine, Pro-Muzeum Association, Bucharest,  
Historical Barracks „Fort 3 Otopeni”, no. 1/mai 2026;  
GILES K., Războiul Rusiei cu lumea și cum ne afectează, Niculescu  
Publishing House, 2023, Bucharest;  
GRUMAZ A., „Summitul Trump-Xi și noua arhitectură a flancului estic al  
NATO”, available at https://evz.ro/summitul-trump-xi-si-noua-  
arhitectura-strategica-a-flancului-estic-nato.html;  
34  
Lieutenant-general (ret) Associated Professor Constantin MINCU, Ph.D  
ILIE A., „China instruiește militari ruși care apoi sunt trimiși pe frontul din  
Ucraina. Beijingul oferă antrenament cu tehnologii de vârf”,  
available at https://hotnews.ro/china-instruieste-militari-rusi-care-  
apoi-sunt-trimisi-pe-frontul-din-ucraina-beijingul-ofera-  
antrenament-cu-tehnologii-de-varf-2250425;  
MARIN V., „Jocul politic al Kremlinului. Putin pregătește o intoxicare de  
tipul „pacea e blocată de NATO”. Analiza unui expert american”,  
available at https://adevarul.ro/stiri-externe/rusia/jocul-politic-al-  
kremlinului-putin-pregateste-o-2529112.html;  
MINCU C., „Haos geopolitic global II – uragan ruso-american asupra  
Europei”, Revista de Științe Militare, no. 1/2025;  
SCARLAT R., „Kremlinul a condiționat negocierile de pace de retragerea  
Ucrainei din Donbas și din teritoriile revendicate de Rusia”,  
available at https://evz.ro/kremlinul-a-conditionat-negocierile-de-  
pace-de-retragerea-ucrainei-din-donbas-si-din-teritoriile-  
revendicate-de-rusia.html;  
SIMILEANU V., Arhitectura Geopolitică Globală 2026-2040, TopForm  
Publishing House, Bucharest, 2026;  
SIMILEANU V., Arhitectura Geopolitică Globală, geometrie geopolitică,  
TopForm Publishing House, Bucharest, 2026;  
SÎRBU G., „Cum au arătat cele zece zile care au zdruncinat relația Europei  
cu SUA”, available at https://hotnews.ro/cum-au-aratat-cele-zece-  
zile-care-au-zdruncinat-relatia-europei-cu-sua-1906843;  
VLĂDESCU I., „Nicușor Dan la Summitul B9: Trebuie să sporim  
cheltuielile dedicate apărării. Karol Nawrocki: Să continuăm  
sprijinul strategic și politic pentru Ucraina. Ce spune Zelenski”,  
available at https://evz.ro/nicusor-dan-la-summitul-b9-trebuie-sa-  
sporim-cheltuielile-dedicate-apararii-karol-nawrocki-sa-  
continuam-sprijinul-strategic-si-politic-pentru-ucraina.html;  
„Summitul B9 la București. Nicușor Dan, despre NATO 3.0: „Avem o  
amenințare comună - Rusia”. Zelenski: „Ucraina va ajuta  
România  
privind  
dronele  
rusești”,  
available  
at  
https://adevarul.ro/stiri-interne/¬evenimente/bucurestiul-devine-  
miercuri-capitala-securitatii-2529251.html.  
35